Understanding Listeriosis: The Illness Behind the Plant-Based Milk Recall

Recent listeriosis cases linked to a plant-based milk recall have resulted in two deaths and multiple illnesses nationwide.

What is Listeria?

Listeria is a bacterium commonly found in soil, sewage, and untreated water. It can also contaminate a variety of foods, including meat, seafood, fruits, vegetables, and dairy products.

How Does Listeria Contaminate Food?

Fruits and vegetables can become contaminated with Listeria if they come into contact with polluted water. Additionally, the bacteria can spread through soil and manure-based fertilizers. Food processing and manufacturing environments can also be sources of contamination if they use tainted water or ingredients, according to Health Canada.

McMaster University microbiologist Lori Burrows notes that inadequate disinfection of surfaces and equipment in processing facilities can also lead to Listeria contamination in food and beverages.

What is Listeriosis?

Listeriosis is an illness resulting from consuming food or water contaminated with Listeria. It can also be transmitted from a mother to her baby during pregnancy. Although the illness can be contracted through contact with infected animals, it is not typically spread from person to person, according to public health experts.

What Are the Symptoms?

Symptoms of listeriosis include vomiting, nausea, persistent fever, muscle aches, severe headaches, and neck stiffness. In severe cases, symptoms may develop up to 70 days after exposure and the infection can be life-threatening.

Who is Most Vulnerable?

Individuals with weakened immune systems, those over 60 years of age, and pregnant women (including their unborn or newborn babies) are at increased risk for severe listeriosis complications, as noted by the Public Health Agency of Canada.